East Kalimantan: Mysteries of Borneo Page of

East Kalimantan, the Indonesian province on the island of Borneo, is a fascinating destination known for its diverse ecosystems, indigenous cultures, and rich natural resources. From the dense rainforests of Kutai National Park to the traditional Dayak longhouses along the Mahakam River, this region offers a unique blend of adventure and cultural experiences. Discover the mysteries of Borneo in East Kalimantan.

Kutai National Park: Orangutans and Rainforests

Located in East Kalimantan, Kutai National Park is one of the oldest national parks in Indonesia and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The park is known for its diverse ecosystems, including lowland rainforests, mangrove forests, and freshwater swamps, making it a biodiversity hotspot in Borneo.

Orangutans: Kutai National Park is one of the few places in the world where you can see wild orangutans in their natural habitat. The park is home to a significant population of these critically endangered primates, and visitors can take guided treks to observe them in the wild.

While orangutans are the main attraction, the park is also a haven for other wildlife, such as proboscis monkeys, gibbons, and hornbills.

Mahakam River: Longhouses and Indigenous Cultures

The Mahakam River, one of Indonesia’s longest rivers, is a vital waterway in East Kalimantan, serving as a lifeline for remote villages deep in the rainforest. The river is also a cultural hub, dotted with traditional Dayak longhouses where indigenous communities live in harmony with the natural world.

Dayak Culture: The Dayak people have inhabited the rainforests of Borneo for centuries, and their traditional longhouses are a central part of their community life. Visiting a Dayak longhouse is a unique cultural experience, where you can learn about traditional rituals, crafts, and beliefs.

Beyond the longhouses, the Dayak villages along the Mahakam River offer a glimpse into a way of life that is deeply connected to nature and the spiritual world. Visitors can take boat trips along the river, stopping at different villages to immerse themselves in Dayak culture.

Mining and Conservation: Balancing Development and Biodiversity

East Kalimantan is also a major hub for Indonesia’s mining industry, particularly coal and oil. The province’s natural resources have led to rapid economic development, but this growth has also raised concerns about the impact on the environment and indigenous communities.

Conservation Challenges: The expansion of mining operations and palm oil plantations in East Kalimantan has led to deforestation and habitat loss, threatening the region’s biodiversity. Organizations such as the Borneo Orangutan Survival Foundation work to protect and rehabilitate orangutans affected by deforestation.
Sustainable Tourism: By promoting sustainable tourism practices, such as responsible wildlife viewing and supporting local communities, East Kalimantan can balance the need for economic development with the conservation of its natural heritage.

Derawan Islands: Coral Reefs and Marine Biodiversity

For nature lovers, the Derawan Islands off the coast of East Kalimantan are a hidden gem, known for their pristine coral reefs, clear waters, and diverse marine life. The islands are a popular destination for snorkeling and diving, offering the chance to see manta rays, sea turtles, and colorful fish.

Conservation: The Derawan Islands are part of the Coral Triangle, a marine biodiversity hotspot. Organizations such as the Marine Megafauna Foundation work to protect the region’s coral reefs and endangered species, while promoting sustainable tourism practices.

Travel Tips:

Getting There: The town of Samarinda serves as the gateway to East Kalimantan and can be reached by domestic flights from major cities in Indonesia. From Samarinda, you can arrange tours to Kutai National Park and the Mahakam River—tour operators often include transportation by boat and accommodations in traditional longhouses.
When to Go: The best time to visit East Kalimantan is during the dry season from May to September, when wildlife sightings are more common and outdoor activities are easier to enjoy.
Packing List: When visiting the rainforests and rivers of East Kalimantan, be sure to pack lightweight, breathable clothing, sturdy hiking shoes, and insect repellent. If you’re planning to stay in a Dayak longhouse, consider bringing a sarong or lightweight sleeping bag for added comfort.